“Extracellular vesicles” (extracellular vesicles), also known as “membranous vesicles” or “microvesicles”, are nano-sized biological substances with dimensions ranging from 30 to 200 nm. They are found in all cells, tissues and body fluids in our body.

They are “messenger cells” that carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, glycoconjugates and cell-specific substances to nearby and distant cells. They can be selectively taken up by neighboring or distant cells by reprogramming the recipient cells according to their bioactive materials. They are also known as the “cargo cells” of our body because they provide communication between cells. They are found in many living things, even in plants.

Exosomes play important roles in many areas of human health and disease, including cell-to-cell communication, development, immunity, tissue homeostasis, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. They also remove unnecessary cellular proteins that burden the cell.

Exosome treatments have become an important part of “regenerative medicine”, that is, tissue regenerative medicine.